Retinal Disparity- By comparing images from the two eyeballs, the brain computes the distance- the greater the disparity (difference) between the two images, the closer the object. This also shows that our left and right eye each see slightly different images from one another. An example is this picture where the left eye doesn't see the house and sees all the trees, and the right eye sees the house but not all of the second tree.
Convergence- The extent to which the eyes converge inward when looking at an object. The greater the inward strain, the closer the object. An example would be that when you read a book your eyes are pointed inward more than if you were trying to read a billboard that is far away.
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