Relative size- If we assume that two objects are similar in size, we perceive the one that casts a smaller retinal image as farther away. For example, the coke can on the left is smaller than the can on the right so we perceive it to be farther away.
Relative Clarity- Because light from distant objects passes through more atmosphere, we perceive hazy objects as farther away, than sharp, clear objects. For example, in the picture the far away mountains look hazy compared to the road that is right in front of you.
Relative motion- As we move, objects that are stable may appear to move. The closer the object the faster it moves. For example, in the picture the red arrows show how fast the object is moving. Sp the mountain is moving very slow and the grass is moving very fast, because it is closer than the mountains.
Interposition- If one object partially blocks our view of another, we perceive it as closer. For example, in the picture on the left the big rectangle is covering up part of the smaller rectangle so the big one appears to be closer. On the right it is the opposite so the smaller rectangle appears closer.
Linear Perspective- Parallel lines appear to converge with distance. The more the lines converge, the greater their perceived distance. For example, either side of the road is parallel to each other and as you look further down the road you can see the road start to come to a point, because it is farther away.
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